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How were planets made? Do planets grow?
Why are the planets round like a sphere?
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Question Date: 2007-06-07 | | Answer 1:
1. According to the best model we have, the
planets in our solar system formed from gas and
dust surrounding the sun. Every object exerts
force on other objects through gravity. It's
easy
to recognize that the earth exerts a
gravitational
force on you, but you also exert the same
gravitational force on the earth. Dust
particles,
even though they are very small, were attracted
to
each other by gravity. There may have been other
processes that helped as well, such as static
electricity. For example, if one particle was
positively ionized (perhaps by ultraviolet light
knocking off an electron) and another particle
was
negatively ionized, the two particles would tend
to attract each other. Electrical attraction is
a
much stronger force than gravity, so this might
have sped things along. Once the process got
rolling, dust particles collected into rocks (or
at least "snowballs" of dust), then into
boulders,
then BIG boulders, and eventually the boulders
collided with each other and formed
planets. Big
planets have a lot of gravity, so they pulled in
the rest of the nearby dust.
2. Planets
grow
when dust or objects collide with them. Every
year, about 400 tons of meteorites hit the earth,
so it gets very slightly heavier. Most of them
burn up in the atmosphere to dust, and the dust
eventually settles to the ground. Fortunately
for
us, there are not many meteorites in Earth's
neighborhood. Planets also can shrink if some
material from the planet is evaporated into
space,
or if it's knocked off by a particularly violent
meteor collision.
3. A sphere has the
lowest
energy when the strongest force is uniform in all
directions, like gravity is. For example, if
Earth was rough, with mountains 1000 miles high,
any rockslides or weathering would remove
material
from the mountains and fill in the valleys.
Actually, a spinning planet isn't quite
spherical,
but has a bit of a bulge around its waist. For
example, Earth's diameter is about 0.5% larger at
the equator than from North Pole to South
Pole. | | Answer 2:
I like your question about why planets are
round. Did you know that Pluto just got demoted to
not being a planet, because it is too small and
not round enough? I have a guess about why
planets are round: I think planets started hot
and molten instead of solid. Gravity pulls
things
down, so if the planet was hot and fluid and big
enough to have a strong gravitational force, all
its parts would be pulled down and it would turn
into a ball. Pluto is smaller than the planets,
so two things would happen: [1] It would cool
faster, so maybe it wasn't hot and fluid long
enough to turn into a ball before it cooled, and
[2] Being smaller, it would have a smaller
gravity,
so the parts sticking out wouldn't be pulled down
as much by the weaker gravitational force. The
moon
is small, though, and it is round. Maybe it
cooled slower than Pluto, because the moon is
closer to the sun, which kept it warm enough to
become round by the time it cooled. That's just
a
guess: a hypothesis. Maybe I'm wrong. I
don't think planets grow. Do you think planets
grow? Planets change: volcanoes in
Hawaii are
changing the size and shape of the island of
Hawaii, and earthquakes make changes in the
earth.
But I've never heard about planets growing, and
I
don't know how they would do that. I
searched on google.com for 'origin of planets'
and
found a website that explains how scientists
think
planets formed first as little rocks and then
grew
larger and larger [long ago, before they stopped
growing!]. They grew larger because their
gravity
pulled other rocks and stuff onto them, so maybe
our planets are still growing very very slowly as
meteors hit the earth . Here's the
website: nin
e planets the
surprising thing is that the website says the new
planets we've discovered outside the solar system
don't fit the rules of how we think the planets
formed around our sun! | | Answer 3:
1. Planets form as matter, dust and gas
(mainly
dust) in a star-forming nebula condenses into a
disk around a newly-forming star. What actually
happens is more likely that the dust and gas
condenses to form asteroids and comets,
which in
turn are drawn to impact one-another by gravity,
causing them to coalesce further to become
planets.
2. Planets can gain mass by being
hit by asteroids, comets, and other
planets. Most
of this happens in the early history of a star
system; later on, there aren't enough massive
objects to hit the planets anymore to make them
grow appreciably.
3. A sphere is the shape
in which a quantity can exist in a minimum
volume,
and thus is the lowest possible energy state in a
gravitational field. Objects as large as planets
have sufficiently powerful gravity that they
collapse into a spherical shape as all matter is
drawn to its very center. Click Here to return to the search form.
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