Answer 1:
The answer to this is connected to a special
property of a sphere compared to any other
three-dimensional shape: for a given volume, a
sphere is the shape with the smallest surface. So,
if you would for example take some play dough,
form different shapes such as a cube, a sphere,
and pyramids with different base shapes, a cone, a
cylinder, a doughnut, anything, and measure the
surface of these objects, you will find that it is
smallest for the sphere. This becomes relevant to
your question because exposing a surface of a
material costs energy, a fact that is described as
the material having a "surface tension". So how
exactly does this connect to your question? Well,
at some point early in its life, the earth was
most likely a liquid mass of matter, "suspended"
in the weightlessness of space. As for any liquid,
the surface tension aims to minimize the amount of
exposed surface. In the absence of a stronger
force (such as gravity on earth, which will spread
e.g. a spill of water on your desk), this force
makes the liquid form a sphere, since that shape
has the smallest surface for a given volume. So
this is why the planets and stars have essentially
a spherical shape. Other factors such as the
rotation of the earth may lead to minor
distortions of the shape, but it's pretty close. Click Here to return to the search form.
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