Answer 1:
This is one of the most important questions in
biology since the cell is the smallest unit of
life in either a plant or an animal and without it
no living thing would survive. No matter what
organism the cell comes from it has the same basic
functions. Cells must be able to get nutrients
from the environment, make new cells (reproduce)
and use the nutrients to make energy for the
organism they are a part of. There are many, many,
many other things a cell can do in addition to
there three things, for example, cells get rid of
waste, send electrical signals to the brain, fight
off disease, carry oxygen through the body and in
the case of plants they make energy from sunlight.
Although, the overall function of the cell is
the same, there are some important differences
between animal and plant cells. The first
difference is that plant cells have an organelle
called chloroplast. Chloroplasts contain a pigment
called chlorophyll (which gives the plant its
green color). Chlorophyll is able to capture the
energy from the sun. In doing this a series of
chemical reactions occur that convert the suns
energy into ATP (energy for the plant). The second
main difference is in the structure of the cell
itself. Animal cells are smaller than plant cells
and have a membrane around them that is flexible
and allows molecules, gases and nutrients to pass
into the cell. Plant cells are larger and in
addition to a membrane they have a rigid cell
wall. The cell wall does not let any material pass
so instead the plants cells must have tiny
openings between cells like doors between rooms in
your house. These "doors" are called
plasmodesmata. The plant cell wall provides
protection to the plant cell just like the animal
cell does. Here is a really nice table I
found on line that lists similarities and
differences between the two. In case your
curiosity gets the best of you. table
1 |
Answer 2:
Great question!Plants and animals are both,
highly complex multi-cellular organisms, and there
are many different types of plant and animal
cells, all with different functions. Although
there is alot of overlap in functions that are
important to both plants and animals, there are
certain things that only plants, or animals can
do. For example, trees are not mobile, but they
do compete with other trees in order to be tall
enough to keep their leaves in direct sunlight.
Therefore, plant cells have rigid cell walls that
give them extra strength (think of a tree trunk).
On the other hand, animals are mobile, their
cells lack rigid walls. Animals even have
specialized cells for rapid movement (your
muscles). I encourage you to look all the
different types of plant and animal cells and
think about the function that each type of cell
may be suited to. Hope this helps, and keep
asking questions! Click Here to return to the search form.
|