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Does the carbon dioxide change the pH of our
blood? (I was doing an experiment and we were
using straw and we had to blow inside the water
and the pH changed.)
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Question Date: 1998-01-23 | | Answer 1:
Yup. Carbon dioxide (the waste product of aerobic
respiration) does change the pH of your blood
(carbon dioxide forms carbonic acid in the
presence of water). When the carbon dioxide level
goes up in your blood, the pH goes down. In fact,
your body looks for that change in pH and uses it
to control the amount of oxygen which it sends to
your muscles. When the pH of your blood goes
down, your body is producing a lot of carbon
dioxide. This also means your body is using a lot
of oxygen. Therefore, your body needs to get more
oxygen to your tissues. Your hemoglobin (which
transports the oxygen to your body) responds by
releasing its oxygen more easily when the pH of
the blood is lower. Do you see the
relationship?
Lower blood pH means higher
blood CO2, which means your body needs
more oxygen. Consequently, your hemoglobin
doesn't bind as tightly to the oxygen, making it
easier for your muscles to get (FYI: this is known
as the Bohr shift). | | Answer 2:
You made a great connection between what you saw
in water and what happens in blood.You probably
know that blood is mostly water, so it makes sense
that the pH would go down in the watery part of
blood. Blood also has special molecules inside
red blood cells called "hemoglobin". Hemoglobin
is very good at carrying oxygen and carbon
dioxide. This means that even more carbon dioxide
can "fit" into blood than can "fit" into water, so
the pH can change even more. In fact, low pH is
one way your body senses it has too much carbon
dioxide and not enough oxygen.
Carbon
monoxide is found in car exhaust and smoke. It
sticks to hemoglobin 200 times tighter than oxygen
does. Why is it unhealthy to be around too much
car exhaust?
I see that you have access
to a computer. You can learn more about blood at
http://sln2.fi.edu/biosci/blood/blood.html
| | Answer 3:
It sounds like you did a really neat experiment to
look at blood pH and that you have really thought
about what might be happening--way to go! You know
that when you exhale you expel carbon dioxide as a
major product, which is probably what caused you
to HYPOTHESIZE that carbon dioxide
(CO2) could change the pH of a
solution, such as blood. Well, you are correct, it
sure can change the pH. It works in a simple
acid-base type reaction. The CO2
combines with water in the blood to form carbonic
acid, which then gets dissociated into bicarbonate
and hydrogen ions. An enzyme, called carbonic
anhydrase normally catalyzes this reaction in the
body. When you blew into the blood, you were
putting in extra CO2, which caused the
pH to change.
Can you think of an
experiment that would test your hypothesis
directly ? (HINT: what if you could get a small
canister of CO2 for use in your
experiment?) Good luck--keep up the good work!
| | Answer 4:
yes. CO2 + H20 ->
H2CO3 (carbonic acid) -> H+
+ HCO3-. It is an important buffer (pH
stabilizer in your blood). When you
hyperventilate, you drive off CO2 from
you blood; what does this do to your blood
chemistry?
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