Answer 1:
Mercury is a liquid at room temperature and
room pressure (22 degrees Celsius [295 K] and 1
atmosphere of pressure). If you were to cool the
mercury down to ~ -25 degrees C [248 K] , it
would be a solid. Alternatively, you could
increase the pressure to ~2.5 atmospheres and
keep the mercury at room temperature, and it
would also become a solid.
To make mercury a gas, you need to do the
opposite, heat it up and/or reduce the
pressure.
Many fluorescent lights use mercury vapor
(gaseous Hg) by reducing the pressure inside the
glass tubes.
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