Answer 1:
Yes, the Earth´s core is made of about 85%
iron, 5% nickel and 10% lighter elements. The
crust is about 47% oxygen and 28% silicon; oxygen,
silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, sodium,
potassium and magnesium make up another 24%; and
other elements make up the remaining 1.5%. The
bulk composition of the entire Earth reflects the
abundance of elements in the early solar system,
just with less hydrogen and helium. The Earth, as
well as the other rocky planets and asteroids,
formed through the collision of smaller bodies
early in the solar system´s history. The early
Earth was heated up by several processes,
including (1) the radioactive decay of uranium,
thorium, an potassium-40, (2) the conversion of
gravitational energy into heat energy during the
gravitational compaction of the Earth, and (3)
heating from large meteorite impacts. Once the
Earth heated up to the melting temperature of
iron, the heavy iron was pulled into the center of
the Earth, forming the Earth´s core. The lighter
elements, like oxygen and silicon, moved upwards
toward the Earth´s surface, forming the Earth´s
mantle and crust.
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