I think the phenomenon you are describing is an inelastic collision. This occurs when part of the kinetic energy of a moving object is changed or dissipated into another form of energy. If you throw a ball vertically downwards on the ground and the ball stays there, then all of the kinetic energy has either been absorbed by the ground, by the ball, or dissipated as another form of energy such as heat. Typically when you throw a ball against the ground, it comes back up to you, in which case not all of the kinetic energy was absorbed or dissipated by the ground.