Answer 1:
Gravity is the force that attracts objects with
mass. The earth for example attracts the moon
towards it because the earth and the moon both
have mass. Furthermore, the sun attracts the
earth, and all the other planets, making them
revolve around the sun.
Another way to think of this attraction is as
follows: suppose you have a big rubber sheet,
spread out flat. If you place a massive object,
like a ball, in the center of the sheet, the ball
will cause the sheet to deform, bending the sheet
downwards towards the object. Now imagine you put
another ball on this sheet. If the ball is light
enough, it will follow the deformed path, and fall
towards the larger ball, as if it were attracted
to it. This simulates the effect of gravity on
these balls. If you think of this sheet as the
space around a massive object, gravity will deform
this space to attract massive objects toward it.
Gravity acts on an object with mass, attracting it
to other massive objects. This theory leads to the
reason why an apple falls to the surface of the
earth, and why the earth revolves around the sun.
I hope this answers your question!
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Answer 3:
Gravity is a force that extends throughout the
universe. For gravity that we are familiar with,
two objects will exert gravitational force equal
to the product of their masses divided by the
square of the distance between them, much as light
illuminates less the farther away you are.
The
presence of mass bends space-time and the
gravitational attraction is objects being drawn
toward each-other as space contracts, but the math
behind that calculation is vast and interesting.
There is also a gravity-like force that is
driving
the universe apart. We know that this force exists
because we see its effects, but I don't believe
anybody has a good idea of how or why.
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