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What is a subduction zone? |
Question Date: 2018-04-05 | | Answer 1:
The Earth's crust – the rigid, rocky outer layer
of the planet that we live on – is composed of
different tectonic plates that move across
the surface of the Earth. When these plates
collide, sometimes one plate will be thrust under
the other, and forced down into the interior of
the Earth. This process is called subduction.
Often, subduction zones occur where dense
oceanic crust collides with less dense continental
crust. The oceanic crust is forced underneath
the continental crust. This process can lead to
violent Earthquakes, such as the 2011 Tōhoku
earthquake in Japan, and it can also form
volcanoes.
Subduction can also occur in continental
collisions, when two continental plates collide
and one is forced underneath the other. Although
the continents are generally buoyant and therefore
resist subduction, the process of continental
subduction is thought to occur at the intersection
of the Indian and Eurasian plates.
| | Answer 2:
A subduction zone occurs where you have one
tectonic plate (generally oceanic crust) that gets
pushed underneath another tectonic plate (either
oceanic or continental).
Tectonic plates are not so much pushed
underneath one another, as they are PULLED. As a
plate is subducted under another, it goes deeper
and deeper into the earth. As it moves, the
pressure and temperature increase - this actually
causes the minerals in the down going plate to
change to minerals which are more stable at
the new P-T conditions and have a higher density.
The change in density is what pulls the plate
down. As the plate is pulled down, water
(trapped in minerals that are in the plate & the
sediment on top of the plate) is released and
rises into the bit of mantle above the down going
plate, melting the mantle. The melted bit of
mantle travels upwards, and results in volcanoes.
A great example of a subduction zone is our own
Cascadia subduction zone. It extends from
Canada (Mt Meager in British Colombia), all the
way down to northern CA (Mt Lassen, which last
erupted in 1915-1916). If you turn satellite
view on in Google Maps, and zoom out so that you
can see the Pacific Northwest, you can even see
the outline of the Juan de Fuca plate (it
is currently being subducted underneath the North
American plate).
see image here
I hope that this better helps your
understanding of subduction zones. They're really
cool places where the Earth's crust gets recycled!
Cheers,
| | Answer 3:
A subduction zone is a region in which the process
of subduction occurs. Subduction describes
the process in geology in which tectonic plates
(pieces of the outermost layer of the Earth known
as the lithosphere) collide, and one of the
plates moves under the other, either due to
the effects of gravity or is forced by the plate
on top. The plate that moves under sinks into the
mantle of the Earth, which is the portion from
700km to 3000km down from the surface
(approximately). The subduction process occurs
at convergent boundaries, where two or more
tectonic plates undergo active deformation
(distortion to their shapes).
| | Answer 4:
Subduction zones are plate boundaries where one
plate slides underneath the other and then
subducts (sinks) down into the mantle.
Normally this happens between a continental plate
and an oceanic plate, but subduction can happen
between two oceanic plates as well. Continental
plates cannot subduct because the material of a
continental plate is less dense than the mantle
rocks underneath it, and so floats instead of
sinks.
| | Answer 5:
Here's a good description of a subduction zone -
the biggest crash scene on earth! :
What Is a Subduction Zone? - Live Science
Planet
Earth
May 6, 2015 - A subduction zone is the biggest
crash scene on Earth. These boundaries mark the
collision between two of the planet's tectonic
plates. The plates are pieces of crust that slowly
move across the planet's surface over millions of
years.
And we also have this:
Subduction-Wikipedia
From this article:
"Subduction is a geological process that takes
place at convergent boundaries of tectonic plates
where one plate moves under another and is forced
or sinks due to gravity into the mantle. Regions
where this process occurs are known as subduction
zones."
So, 'subduction' is the 'going under', and in a
subduction zone, 1 plate will be going under, and
1 plate will be going on top - and I suppose they
do a lot of 'crashing,' like the first link says.
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