Answer 1:
Over VERY long timescales (millions and
millions of years), erosion can reduce a volcano's
size a LOT. A great example of this is the
Hawaiian-Emperor seamount chain. The
Hawaiian-Emperor seamount chain is a line of
volcanic islands that has been made by a hotspot
that sits still underneath the Pacific plate as
the plate moves above it. The Hawaiian-Emperor
seamount chain starts at Loihi (the newest
Hawaiian volcano, which is still underwater), and
ends just south of Alaska at a place called the
Aleutian Trench. I've included a
map that shows the locations and shapes of
each volcano, as well as their ages (each number
is an age in millions of years).
Although each volcano may not have started out
the same size, over time (due to the erosive
forces of wind and water) the Hawaiian Islands
that exist today will erode until they are no
longer above the ocean (but don't worry, because
it's millions of years off into the future).
Instead, they will be seamounts, just like the
rest of the Hawaiian-Emperor chain. In fact, that
is how the seamounts in the rest of the chain
formed!
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