Answer 1:
If the elevator is going at a constant
speed, then the person's weight would not be any
different than if it were standing still, no
matter if the elevator was going straight up or
diagonally.
To feel a difference in the person's weight,
the elevator would have to be accelerating.
So, if a person was in an elevator that was
ACCELERATING upward, s/he would feel
heavier during this time.
Suppose two elevators were accelerating at the
same rate, that is, getting faster and faster each
second by the same amount, but one was going
directly vertically, 90 degrees to the flat
ground, and the other was going up at an angle
that was less than 90, say at an angle of 30
degrees up from the flat ground, and say that both
had accelerations of 2 meters/second2.
The one in the vertical elevator would feel about
20% heavier than if she were not accelerating, and
the one in the diagonal elevator
would feel about 10% heavier than normal. I knew
this because the vertical component contributes
an amount in proportion to the sine of the
angle, in this case 30 degrees. The sine of 30
is 0.5. I don't know if you've done this in math
yet, so ask your teacher to explain it.
The reason for this is that you add the mass x
acceleration to the weight of the person, which is
mass x "g". g is the acceleration of free
falling objects close to the surface of the
earth, and it is about 10
meters/second2.
If the elevator is going at an angle, then only
the vertical component of the acceleration adds to
the increase in weight. But, there's more: you
asked about the total force on the person.
Well, in the diagonally accelerating elevator
there is also a HORIZONTAL component of force on
the person, so he or she would feel pushed back
toward the wall, like you feel pushed backwards in
your seat when the car you're riding in
accelerates forward. And that component is
proportional to something called the
cosine of the angle, in this case 30
degrees. The cosine of 30 is about .86, so for a
total acceleration of 2 meters/second2,
this is about 1.7 times the mass of the person, or
about 17 percent heavier.
So: for the vertical elevator, accelerating
upward at 2 meters/second2,there is
no sideways force, and the person feels about 20%
heavier. For the diagonal elevator, the person
feels about 10% heavier in the vertical direction,
and there is a sideways force on her that is about
17% of her weight.
BUT - you have to remember that this is ONLY
for accelerating elevators. If they're going
at a constant velocity then there is NO extra
force. |
Answer 2:
From classical physics, Force = mass x
acceleration. So, for a person at rest, their
weight is simply their mass times the acceleration
due to gravity. Now, for both cases you
described, their weight would still be exactly the
same since the elevator in both cases is traveling
at constant speed. If there is no acceleration,
then there cannot be any "extra" force. Think
about when you get on an elevator to go up. When
the elevator first starts, you'll feel "heavy"
because the elevator is accelerating. But if you
were going up a long ways and the elevator speed
became constant, you no longer feel the extra
force, and if it's a smooth ride, you won't be
able to tell if you're moving or stationary. Click Here to return to the search form.
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