The procedure is a simple one. A specialist (otolaryngologist) places a tiny tube with a collar on both ends through a tiny incision in the eardrum. This pressure-equalization (PE) tube allows bacteria and fluid to drain from the middle ear. The child is unconscious under general anesthesia for this surgery.

Tubes can be beneficial because they: Allow air to enter the middle ear; allow fluid to flow out of the middle ear through the tube into the ear canal; clear fluid from the middle ear and restore hearing; prevent future buildup of fluid in the middle ear while they are in place; decrease the feeling of pressure in the ears, therefore decreasing pain.

Placing tubes in the ears allows fluid to drain from the middle ear. Tubes may help prevent ear infections and prevent fluid from building up behind the eardrum.